Waterproof building material.



- making elastic,

ALFRED GABLES DE CAUDEMBERG, OF NICE, FRANCE.

WATERPROOF BUILDING MATERIAL. M

No Drawing. Application filed November 29, 1918, Serial No. 803,708.

Specification oiLetters Patent.

Patented Mar. 27, 1191?. Renewed August 10, 1916. Serial i, Nice, France, doctor invented a Waterproof Building Material; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, invention, such as product or composition and the process of manufacturing the same, said product being especially designed and adapted for waterproof and vibrationproof materials tional purposes. It is based upon the following chemical p enomenon:

ordinary cement in gas-tar to which ru be treated with boilan addition of indiaber has been previously made, as hereinafter described, a composition is obtained m which the properties are greatly modified.

n eflect, gas-tar being mixed with abmert matters is compositions which state but these compositlons of tar and cement tar again passes elements of the ecome separated. On the contrary, the product obtained through the action of to which india-rubber has been added acquires the property of resisting temperatures exceeding 100 Without suffering any alteration temperatures.

Further, although sessed of great in the extreme, the latter. I

The various analyses which have been of medicine, have and exact description of the made of cement treated by boiling tar to which india-rubber was previously added have shown that the reactions which take place are as follows: I ment is a composition of lime and clay (silicate of al hand aluminate of he formation of which is the cause of the phenomenon of the setting of cement, and on the other hand silicate of lime, which reaction is far slower and which is the of the hardening of the cement.

By substituting for water, as the oxidizin agent, boiling gas-tar (to which indiaru ber has b added), the decomposition of the silicate of alumina is also obtained but the silica which is freed instead of combining with lime in order to form silicate of lime, combines with the tar for which it has a gives rise to a new substance temperatures. ree alumina combines with lime as in the case of the decomposition by means of water and forms aluminate of lime which causes coagulation or setting of the composition.

India-rubber which it would seem plays the part of a catalytic agent remains incortional energy.

Consequently, it is easily understood that as the formation of silicate of lime is excluded from the reaction process or only produced in a very small quantity, the matter preserves a plastic consistency instead of becoming hard and brittle. This series of actions and reactions constitutes the fundamental character of the product obtained, which latter is a veritably new chemical product or composition and distinguished from similar compositions which are in fact far greater aflinity and but ill-defined and more or less perfect mixrosin, or other hydrocarbids soluble -in tar, 65

' carried on up to 180 degrees C. follows:

From the oils that are recovered benzol Formula N 0. 2. or raw benzin (the density of which is about R due of the di Still of 75 tures. the proportion to be added being determined The best practical process of manufacture in each case by the density to be obtained. is as follows: In this state and at the temperature of -Gras-tar is distilled by the use of ordidegrees C. the residue is poured slowly in a nary known apparatus, such as a cylindrical thin small stream into the cold rubber soluretort, double coil, and the like, for the seption. aration of the products, and the process is The proportion of the above mixture is as 0.930 is extracted and after being mixed wish ca ihtpn bisulfid is used for dissolving g g g 3 g x g igi g g of in ia-ru er.

degrees C The residue of the distillation is preserved for use in the process of manufacture. P 5 accordmg to 12 500 so The dissolving of the india-rubber is oba tained by the maceration in the cold state In this operation great care should be of the rubber divided up into small fragtaken to mix up the two liquids very thorments in a mixture of equal parts of benzol oughly and in proper proportion; the tem- 37 kgs. 000

and carbon bisulfid. perature of the mass rises rapidly and this 35 The proportions are as follows: causes the evaporation (if part of the r1ubber solvents; consequent y, it is essentia to Rubber Formula O kgs avoid the proximity of any ignited subf': 5 a 000 stance and to provide ventilation so as to c 'ggfiifi 5 u 000 dispel the inflammable vapors; industrially the operation is carried out in a closed ves- Raw rubber and preferably soft and sel provided with suitable means for mixing sticky gums should be used and the addition th liquids and sucking the vapors which to the benzol as solvent of an equal quantity are led into a cooling plant for the partial. of carbon bisulfid is essential to insure the recovery of the solvents. action of the latter substance on the rubber. The cooled mixture, density 1.165 at 40 The dissolution is carried out in a closed 0., appears in the form of a sticky and vessel'provided with a stirring device which homogeneous paste having the same conaccelerates the dissolution by separating the sistence as mastic. This cooled mixture will gummy mass formed by the matter swollen be hereinafter referred to as the mastic. through the absorption of the solvents; it It is to this mastic liquefied b heat that takes 7 to 8,days before completion; a goo cement is added to obtain the nal result. dissolution should appear under the form The latter operation owing to the extremely of a thick and whitish paste which is lloadhesive and cohesiveproperties of the mixmogeneous and contains no foreign matture of the said mastic and cement requires ters; there should not be any lumps or solid a powerful mechanical plant and a mixing particles; in order to make sure, the stuff apparatus of special design exercising its should be sieved and should there be any effects in the two planes normal in relation lumps or solid particles, the residue should to one another.

be allowed to dissolve again in an additional In practice, in order to facilitate the op- 11o quantity of solvent and incorporated in the eration and to insure the good execution mass after complete dissolution. thereof, the following procedure is adopte The density of the solution according to The product resulting from the combinathe above formula shall'be 0.980. tion of the mastic and cement is intended to The proportion of rubber may vary from have inert matters such as sand, gravel and 1% to 10% in order to impart to the final the like, added thereto in order to constiproduct the proportions that are required in tute construction materials: instead of placpractice for the use to which it is destineding the cement into direct contact with the On the other hand, the residue of the disliquefied mastic, sand and gravel are first tillation of the tar is introduced into a vat added and after mixing the whole together 12( provided with a heating arrangement; said at a temperature of 100 to C.,cement is residue should be brought to a density of added. 1.220 at a temperature of 55 degrees C. This process shows several advantages: In order to obtain said density, it is neces- It enables the mineral matters to become sary to increase the consistency either by better impregnated with the mastic, the lat- '12 concentration through the boiling process or ter remaining fluid before the addition of through the addition of thickening matters cement; this thus obviates the cooling which of similar chemical nature, such as pitch, the m'xture would sufier if a large quantity 7 according of sand and gravel were introduced; finally,

as the mastic is spread all around the solid grains, the action of the cement is more rapid, more eflicient and ers less resistance.

he above .preparations are determined to the following formula:

Liquefied mastic (Formula N o.

2) kgs. 000 Calcareous sand (dry) 38 000 Tarred or dried porphyry gravel 24 000 Stir mixture thoroughly and add Portland cement 25 000 concrete by means of in proportion as the stirring process advances. The operation should be carried out at a temperature of 100' degrees OI SO.

the angles. 4

The molds are very deep and have adjustable punches so as to obtain all the desired thicknesses; reduction through p sure should reacha minimum of 40%.

to 80 C. a suitable temperature. The molds as well as the plugging plates are previously usual manner with a layer of sticky clay diluted in water, this is to avoid adherence to the metal.

mospheres, and

The products thus obtained may be in varlous forms suitable for the most varied uses: sundry constructions, for roofing buildings, terraces, paving purposes generally, sound-proof and vibration-proof walls, ldamp-proof and sanitary purposes, and the ike.

ous Ways, either on a cement concrete bed (for bricks) or simply on sand (for blocks). (1) In order to obtain a smooth, continuous and monolithic faclng in WhlCh case the bric s. are jointed together and upon the the manipulation ducing a water-proof coated in the (2) In order to obtain wood paving in which case the bricks are laid according to a chosen design, being fixed on the concrete by means of a layer of cement mortar and by filling the joints with cement paste.

paving similar to limited measure. What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent in the United States is he herein described cement to the allowing said solution to cool, adding therewhlch benzol has een removed, heat and adding cement thereto, and finally subjecting the product to pressure.

4 he herein described ing a water-proof building material, which consists in dissolving india rubber in a mix enzol and carbon bisulfid, allowing sald solution to cool, adding thereto gas tar distillate at a density of approximately process of produc- I temperature of approximately heat and adding cement thereto, and finally and adding inert matter and cement thereto, 10 subjecting the product to pressure. and finally subjecting the product to pres- 5. The herein described process of produc- Sureing a water-proof building material, which In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 5 consistgitn dissolvirilg indOia-rubberfiin a mixmy hand in the presence of a witness.

ture o enzol an car on bisul d allowing said solution'to cool adding thei'eto gas ALFRED OARLEs DE GAUDEMBERG' tar distillate from which benzol has been Witness:

removed, liquefying said mixture by heat HIPPOLYTE DnvAn. 

